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Inside the anti-doping system: Week Two

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Tom Fordyce | 06:00 UK time, Thursday, 16 June 2011

Each night for the past seven days, my phone has bleeped and a message arrived from a number I don't recognise. "Remember to update your slots at www.myadams.co.uk. Emergency updates to 07786202407 (text) or 0080009437378 (voice). To unsubscribe send 'REMOVE' in reply."

I will not be removing, because I need constant reminding. This is week two of my month on the UK Anti-Doping whereabouts system, and the realities of my new responsibilities are starting to kick in.

Specifying where you'll be for an hour a day, seven days a week, three months in advance, is easy should you be a sedentary creature not given to travel. By instinct and profession I am not.

Last week I logged on every morning to MyAdams (Anti-Doping Administration and Management System) and filled out the Outlook-style calendar for the next quarter. 0600 to 0700, my flat, every day. Easy.

Then my Mum called, inviting me over for Sunday lunch, and I was suddenly perilously close to a potential missed test.

There are certain things I normally need to remember when visiting Mama Fordyce: flowers, manners and earplugs. Emailing the drug-testers to give them her address is not one of them.

Had it not been for that text message, sent from UK Athletics' drug education team (I'm in the system as an athlete, and if you think that's funny, you should know I'm down as a shot putter) I would have forgotten that overnight trips need to be logged. If they're not, and the testers turn up at my flat to find me elsewhere, I'm a third of the way to an Olympic ban.

A screengrab of the Adams system

The Adams system in operation - Tom's homepage, once logged in

Training details need tweaking too. What had been in the system as "Road ride - Surrey Hills" have to be updated, a new location - "Road ride, Stortford" created with sufficient details ("possible loops from CM23 through Essex/Herts/Cambs countryside, lasting up to four hours") that I can be found if need be.

On Thursday I'll be down in Southampton to cover . Another night in a new location, another update required.

It takes me about five minutes per update. As I get familiar with Adams I'm sure it will get quicker, and a lot closer to habit than it is now. The system also saves addresses, so next time Mum decides to kill the fatted cauliflower it'll be a couple of clicks instead of hundreds.

A week in, it remains a constant nagging worry. What have I forgotten? When are the testers coming?

The dutiful filial visit throws up another potential pitfall. Perhaps as a result of one too many slices of homemade lemon meringue pie, I wake up at 0300 with devastating toothache. A bleary-eyed fumble through my washbag yields a packet of , left over from an old sporting injury. Pain-killer/anti-inflammatory necked, I fall asleep a happier man.

Until the morning. Diclofenac is powerful stuff, available only on prescription. If some over-the-counter cold remedies contain banned substances, what about this?

Too late, I go through the routine recommended by UKAD - log on to a website called (Global Drug Reference Online), click on 'Drug Search' and enter 'user type' (athlete), 'sport' (athletics) 'nation of purchase' (UK) and drug name.

Diclofenac pops up. Next to the words 'In-Competition' is a green tick and the words 'not prohibited'. By 'Out-of-Competition' it says the same. I'm in the clear.

If you have access to the internet, Global Dro should in theory prevent you falling into the sort of trap that snagged .

Don't have web access? Then the sensible athlete will resist taking anything, even if it means a sleepless night of toothache, before they can get online to check.

I'm not always the fastest learner. Later that day I head out for the long training ride. In my water bottle is a sachet of energy powder from a well-known British supplements company. In my back pocket is an energy bar that promises to help me "wake up and explode into action", and next to it a pouch of energy gel that offers the same.

All three have been consumed by the time I get home four hours later. Ten minutes on I've also mixed and necked a recovery shake from the same company.

Have I just made the same error? I haven't even bothered reading the ingredients, let alone thought about all those high-profile positive tests supposedly caused by contaminated supplements. If the testers come in the morning, am I heading for a ban of my own? If they don't, how long will they have to stay away for this stuff to be out of my system?

A screengrab of the Adams system calendar

Athletes must enter whereabouts and training information for every day in each three-month period

It is time for a rather urgent call to , head of the science and medicine department. Michael is at Brussels airport, waiting for a missed connection, but taking calls like mine is part of his daily routine.

Just as medicines can be checked at Global DRO, so supplements have a safety net of their own: a company called .

In goes manufacturer's name, product, flavour, formulation (ie powder, bar, gel) batch number and batch expiry date. It could barely be more comprehensive. If your particular supplement shows up - all of mine do - you know it has been checked from top to bottom - raw ingredients, manufacturing process, how it is stored and where it is sold.
But there are no guarantees. The system promises only to reduce risk, not eliminate it completely.

"As an athlete we advise you to go through a two-step process," says Stow. "First, think about your need. Do you really need to take supplements? We'd advise you to speak to a registered nutritionist or dietician first.

"Secondly, assess the risks. We recognise that it can be unrealistic for the elite athletic community to be told not to take anything. So make your decision with as much information open to you as possible. If your risk assessment is good, the chances of you taking something that's contaminated are very low."

I remember that I'm also taking a daily multi-vitamin/minerals tablet, made by a high street chemist. I can't find it on Informed Sport's website. Does this mean it's not safe? Can an athlete not take something that millions of ordinary civilians do on a daily basis?

"Some companies that aren't aimed at the elite level don't see it in their commercial interests to do so much testing," says Stow. "Our message is that there's a risk, but by choosing a reputable manufacturer - one with good practice and good quality assurance - the risks should be much lower."

The lessons are coming thick and fast. Stow also tells me to go through my medicine cabinet at least once a year to check if products that were once safe may now be on to buy my medication at home before going abroad so I can be sure what's in it, and to contact my national governing body (in this case, UK Athletics) if in any doubt.

There is a lot to learn. And I am still barely starting out.

Comments

  • Comment number 1.

    major hassle! is it the same abroad?

  • Comment number 2.

    Interesting article, the whole drugs in sport issue throws up so many questions. Where can I find a list of countries that don't do out of competition testing like this? I've heard stories about certain countries, and it certainly doesn't seem to be a level playing field internationally, so it seems.

    In cycling they do this as well as a biological passport system, and still people manage to slip through the net. In athletics they had the Balco scandal where what the athletes were taking wasn't detectable, so all the testing in the world made no difference!

    Also, does the IOC banned list include veterinary products? There was a scandal in Belgian cycling involving animal steroids a few years ago, which I believe have been used in athletics since the 80s.

    With a system like this it seems that it's more likely to catch the Alan Baxters of this world rather than the Ben Johnsons...

  • Comment number 3.

    @moochy75.
    It's not a major hassle. It is a simple price to pay for clean sport!

  • Comment number 4.

    A couple of issues you might want to raise with UKAD

    1) Have you eaten anything containing glycerol such as in a fruit yogurt or a vitamin E capsule?

    S5. DIURETICS AND OTHER MASKING AGENTS
    Masking agents are prohibited. They include:
    Diuretics, desmopressin, plasma expanders (e.g. glycerol;.....

    WADA has never set a minimum limit for glycerol which is crazy given that it is a common food ingredient.

    2) You checked Diclofenic (spelling) on the online widget Global DRO, but what you won't find listed there are all the other names that are legally used to describe ingredients in sports supplements. A good example of of this is methylhexaneaminem, which is often listed as something completely different such as "1,3-dim" or "Geranamine". You could check any of the latter against the WADA List of Global DRO and think you are safe! No wonder people are testing positive for this all over the place!

  • Comment number 5.

    Thanks for the DRO link, very useful site. Never knew that my insulin is technically banned :/ though I suspect they would grant an exemption certificate for a Type 1 diabetic to do rifle shooting without too many problems if I ever made that standard.

  • Comment number 6.

    PS "Informed Sport" is not the same thing as Global DRO for supplements. It is a process to get an accreditation simliar to "Freedom Food" from the RSPCA.

  • Comment number 7.

    3.
    At 08:36 16th Jun 2011, Kevin Morice wrote:

    @moochy75.
    It's not a major hassle. It is a simple price to pay for clean sport!
    ---------------

    Spoken as one who has never had to deal with it obviously.

  • Comment number 8.

    Hee hee, according to the Global DRO website, marijuana is allowed - but only out of competition...

    Interesting piece, by the way. It seems to suggest that perhaps some people who fell foul of similar wherabouts schemes (Tim Don and Christine Ohuruogu, for instance) were subjected to a lot more suspicion, criticism and finger-pointing than they should have been.

  • Comment number 9.

    Interesting update Tom. Do you feel that if you were actually an elite shotputter with a realistic chance of making an Olympics that you would naturally be more cautious? I understand that you are doing your best and I commend you for taking on the task but you don't really have anything to lose were you to take something that is banned and subsequently fail a test. Would you subconsciously be far more wary of what you put in your body if it was your career on the line and not just an experiment for journalistic purposes?

  • Comment number 10.

    A really interesting experiment, always liking your blogs Tom... However, I was kinda intrigued as to what would happen if you found out 'post-consumption' that your medicine/supplement was on the banned list. Could you report this, and serve an unpenalised (in terms of suspension) time out of competition, or would you have to keep quiet so as to hope you don't get found out ?? Looking forward to the next entry

  • Comment number 11.

    Hello gang. Re garfunklers_anonymous - it's a good point. Maybe I would be even more cautious if I were Fordyce shotputter rather than Fordyce journo, but I'm trying to replicate things as closely as I can. Perhaps as an actual athlete I'd have had more time to get my head around the system through exposure to it from older team-mates and coaches.

  • Comment number 12.

    So it is a fairly intrusive and time consuming experience then? (if the athletes' PA isn't doing it all for them)

    The clean athletes that have to go through this inconvenience should be remonstrating with athletes who have failed drugs test or are still competing with an advantage.

  • Comment number 13.

    My son entered an age-group National sporting tournament held during his GCSEs. The additional stress of training and examination fatigue had made him breathless. The locum GP diagnosed exercise-induced asthma and made him try out an inhaler to prove that he could use it.
    Naturally, it was a banned substance.
    We spent a frantic 24 hours contacting governing bodies, the tournament GP etc to ensure that should a drugs tester turn up (they didn't) that he would not have his whole future sporting career ruined.
    I should mention that once his school examinations were finished he has never had another "episode" and no hospital follow-up ever ensued. It was a very salutary lesson for us that even health professionals can cause athletes a major "scare" pre-competition. (Our son's team also won silver medals that year!)

  • Comment number 14.

    Great to see you doing this. One question and one comment that concerns me:

    1. Why do you have to provide overnight information and details of your training log IN ADDITION to the specified one hour a day? It strikes me that it is this extra level of (unnecessary?) intrusion that increases the hassle (and risk of mistakes) by an order of magnitude.

    2. "...registered nutritionist...". It is a real shame that dietitians go through years of education and training to obtain this legally protected label and then the media equate them with nutritionists. Anyone can call themselves a nutritionist including, infamously, people with postal PhDs from non-accredited American universities or Bachelors degrees in Psychology (NB. I have one of those so am not doing it down at all, but questioning its relevance in the field of nutrition). The Ö÷²¥´óÐã have an important role to play here to prevent these potentially dangerous quacks from gaining/maintaining credibility.

  • Comment number 15.

    Staying clean is simple, eat clean food, nothing from a packet or a tin, if it can be picked or had eyes and died it's fine. The problem with most athletes and organisations is they have become part of the food sales merry-go-round.

    It's a shame most athletes don't understand that putting toxins into your body through processed food stuffs not only increases you risk of being inadvertently caught out but also prohibits your performance. All of the well known brands of sports drink actually dehydrate you, just because in the short term they give you a false sugar kick (Aspartame and Acesulfame K are actually sweetners not sugar) doesn't mean in the overall scheme they are beneficial.

    Our bodies are 55-60% water and yet most people never drink enough water each day to replace what is used. And then athletes wonder why they get fatigued (which potentially leads to injury) and why people in general feel tired.

    Don't want to get caught out? Clean out your cupboards and start eating and drinking clean

  • Comment number 16.

    #12

    Haha, athlete's PA! How many GB athlete's can afford their own PA?

  • Comment number 17.

    #16.

    Tom Fordyce's previous blog on the subject carried the first line: 'Andy Murray calls it "draconian". Rafael Nadal says it makes him "feel like a criminal".'

    I'd say they may have PA's. The whereabouts clause isn't confined to GB athletes.

  • Comment number 18.

    Very interesting article, I know the system is a means of keeping athletics free from cheats, but what I can't understand it why that it needs to know every single move that you make every day. Why is it not enough to just be able to specify that one hour every day where you will be.

  • Comment number 19.

    @moochy75.
    It's not a major hassle. It is a simple price to pay for clean sport!
    ---------------
    Spoken as one who has never had to deal with it obviously.
    --------------------------

    No, I haven't. But I have had to report my whereabouts and be available in a specific place for 8 hours a day, 5 days a week for the last 13 years. I don't even get the luxury of choosing where that location is from day-to-day, nor can I text, phone or email in at 5 minutes notice and go somewhere else instead. And for all those 40 hours every week I am at about the same risk of being randomly drug tested for substances that are banned by my job as any athlete is, and I also face random alcohol testing to boot. Nor do I find it particularly difficult to tell you where I am going to sleep tonight, or where and when I am going to train tomorrow (if you want I can even give you my daily training down to an hourly level and sleeping schedule from now till September with a 98% accuracy and the one or two sessions I might change I will be able to tell you a week before I change them).

    It's not that hard to have a basic level of organisational skills. If you want to be a top level professional athlete your training schedule should be laid out months in advance and it isn't really asking that much for you to know what you are doing tomorrow. Especially if you are getting paid for it!

    Tom is managing fine despite holding down a full-time job which involves randomly travelling around the country, and changing his training plans on-the-day. Why is it so hard for a full-time professional athlete to cope to the same standard? And how can they then get it wrong, not just on three occasions, but on the three specific occasions that the testers actually come looking to check on them??

  • Comment number 20.

    -> ThirdWindow wrote: Hee hee, according to the Global DRO website, marijuana is allowed - but only out of competition...

    Remember that cannabis (cannabinoidis) stay in the body for quite some time, and so you can use marijuana outside competition (by "accident" at a party a week before an event, but then when the testers choose you for a doping test, you might end up with a positive doping test and thereof a possible sanction (from public warning to 3-6 months is the usual length)

    I have not tested the Whereabout system as thoroughly as Tom Fordyce, but I was introduced to the Norwegian system years ago - before the system was ready in Adams, and was also shown how to use it. It wasn't hard back then, and I don't think it is any harder now. I agree with the previous commentator saying that athletes at a professional level that only has to think about eating, sleeping and training should be able to update their where about information.
    Also: The system allows for trainers, personal assistants and other persons in the athletes team to update this system.
    And it is a small price to pay in order to have clean athletes in sports. In our database we have as many as 36 people being sanctioned for failing to provide where about information. UK shares second place.

  • Comment number 21.

    #15 - Many of the animals which we eat are treated with drugs and other unnatural substances for commercial reasons. Another little complication.

    Tom - thanks for providing an interesting insight. It seems a shame that the honest athletes who want to compete fairly and cleanly have to work so hard to do do. What do you think could be done tio make things easier for them ?

  • Comment number 22.

    #21 - agreed, that's why you should only eat organic, to avoid pesticides etc. It doesn't have to be complicated if the knowledge is there, unfortunately there are those allied to food manufacturers who, for commercial reasons, would prefer that this knowledge doesn't get out

  • Comment number 23.

    Cider (#4),
    Not only is glycerol a common food ingredient, it is an important sub-structure of a large number of naturally occuring fats and oils (triglycerides) in many foods. These are broken down in the body to yield "fatty acids" and glycerol (also named glycerine). As such, it is an important part of your biochemistry, so I would be very surprised to see it listed as being a "watched" substance. About as useful measuring sugars (it being technically a "carbohydrate").

  • Comment number 24.

    Runsteff (#14),
    I would guess that the answer to your first question is to help the testers know approximately where an athlete is going to be. In his first blog, Tom said that you can change the details of 'the hour' at 60 seconds notice. So if an athlete says they will be in, say, Newcastle and not London, with only 60 seconds notice, then they can be sure of not being tested. Giving overnight addresses and travel plans makes this harder. The flexibility doesn't penalise athletes for not giving this information but, as Tom said, may arouse suspicions if it happens often.

    I would also guess that people trying to beat-the-system by taking drugs with a relatively short half-life in the body, will frequently schedule one 'hour' at 06:00 and the next one at 23:00 the following day, allowing 41 hours to get the drug concentration in the body back to levels that might pass a test.
    Of course, there could also be genuine reasons for wanting to do this. I'm curious to know what the procedures are when such suspicions do occur.

    I can (almost) sympathize with Andy Murray and Rafa Nadal objecting to the obligations. But as a poster on Tom's first blog pointed out, someone could quite easily make a "smart-phone" app to do all this automatically (and probably make a handsome profit). Either of them could afford to pay someone to do it.

    Anyway, Tom, it's an educational blog to read, and I enjoy thinking about the issues it raises. Proper journalism.

  • Comment number 25.

    Tom, please have a look at this website:

    The site's owner makes a very convincing case that steroid/PED use is rampant in tennis. Journalists have not been doing their jobs in ignoring the myriad telltale signs that something's amiss.

    Perhaps you'll be the writer to really break this story wide open.

  • Comment number 26.

    I was once surprised to find the shampoo I was using had a 'warning for competitive athletes' on it - it had caffeine in it (don't ask why) which would obviously increase the amount of the stuff in your hair follicles, which could be bad news if you were tested. I'd never have thought the shampoo I was using could potentially cause problems, so just goes to show!

    PS - Tom - I imagine the rain would have kept all but the hardiest drugs tester away from the Rose Bowl!

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